Computational Modeling of Casson Blood Flow in Symmetrically Stenosed Carotid Arteries Based on Finite Volume Scheme

Abstract

Carotid atherosclerosis is a major contributor to cardiovascular morbidity and
mortality, primarily due to plaque-induced arterial steno-sis. This study develops a
patient-specific computational model of Casson blood flow in symmetrically stenosed
carotid arteries using a finite volume method. Realistic artery geometries are
reconstructed from MRI and CT imaging. The model indicates a significant pressure
drop (from approxi-mately 917 Pa to -411 Pa) and an increase in blood velocity, peaking
at 1.5 m/s within the stenosed region. Temperature gradients are noted along ar-terial
walls due to frictional heating. The model is quantitatively validated with reference data
and clinically confirmed by MRI diagnostics. The main findings of computational
results further show that wall shear stress increases with stenosis severity, and
recirculation zones intensify near the stenosis throat, potentially promoting plaque
buildup. The Casson fluid model captures the non-Newtonian nature of blood
effectively, while the finite volume scheme ensures stable and accurate numerical
predictions. These insights advance the understanding of hemodynamic behavior in
stenosed arteries and may aid in personalized treatment planning.