Corrections and Extensions in Left and Right Almost Semigroups

Authors

  • N. Ahmad, S. A. Shah, W. K. Mashwani , N. Ullah

Abstract

In this paper we elaborated the concept that on what conditions left almost semigroup (LA-Semigroup), right almost semigroup (RA-Semigroup) and a groupoid become commutative and further extended these results on medial, LA-Group and RA-Group. We proved that the relation of LA-Semigroup with left double displacement semigroup (LDD-semigroup), RA-Semigroup with left double displacement semigroup (RDD-semigroup) is only commutative property. We highlighted the errors in the recently developed results on LA-Semigroup and semigroup [17, 1, 18] and proved that example discussed in [18] is semigroup with left identity but not paramedial. We extended results on locally associative LA-Semigroup explained in [20, 21] towards LA-Semigroup and RA-Semigroup with left zero and right zero respectively. We also discussed results on n-dimensional LA-Semigroup, n-dimensional RASemigroup, non commutative finite medials with three or more than three left or right identities and finite as well as infinite commutative idempotent medials not studied in literature.

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Published

2025-05-14

Issue

Section

Articles

How to Cite

Corrections and Extensions in Left and Right Almost Semigroups. (2025). Punjab University Journal of Mathematics, 53(7), 475-496. https://pujm.pu.edu.pk/index.php/pujm/article/view/281